Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - gauge
Gauge
gauge
n. & v. (US gage: see also sense 7) --n. 1 a standard measure to which certain things must conform, esp.: a the measure of the capacity or contents of a barrel. b the fineness of a textile. c the diameter of a bullet. d the thickness of sheet metal. 2 any of various instruments for measuring or determining this, or for measuring length, thickness, or other dimensions or properties. 3 the distance between a pair of rails or the wheels on one axle. 4 the capacity, extent, or scope of something. 5 a means of estimating; a criterion or test. 6 a graduated instrument measuring the force or quantity of rainfall, stream, tide, wind, etc. 7 (usu. gage) Naut. a relative position with respect to the wind. --v.tr. 1 measure exactly (esp. objects of standard size). 2 determine the capacity or content of. 3 estimate or form a judgement of (a person, temperament, situation, etc.). 4 make uniform; bring to a standard size or shape. Phrases and idioms gauge pressure the amount by which a pressure exceeds that of the atmosphere. take the gauge of estimate. Derivatives gaugeable adj. gauger n. Etymology: ME f. ONF gauge, gauger, of unkn. orig.
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1.
I. noun also gage Etymology: Middle English ~, from Anglo-French Date: 15th century 1. a measurement (as of linear dimension) according to some standard or system: as, the distance between the rails of a railroad, the size of a shotgun barrel's inner diameter nominally expressed as the number of lead balls each just fitting that diameter required to make a pound , the thickness of a thin material (as sheet metal or plastic film), the diameter of a slender object (as wire or a hypodermic needle), the fineness of a knitted fabric expressed by the number of loops per unit width, dimensions, size, measure 1 , an instrument for or a means of measuring or testing: as, an instrument for measuring a dimension or for testing mechanical accuracy, an instrument with a graduated scale or dial for measuring or indicating quantity, relative position of a ship with reference to another ship and the wind, a function introduced into a field equation to produce a convenient form of the equation but having no observable physical consequences, see: standard II. transitive verb also gage (~d; also gaged; gauging; also gaging) Date: 15th century 1. to measure precisely the size, dimensions, or other measurable quantity of, to determine the capacity or contents of, estimate, judge , 2. to check for conformity to specifications or limits, to measure off or set out ...Толковый словарь английского языка
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